
The global order, established after World War II, is undergoing significant changes, moving from idealism to a multipolar system marked by rivalry and coercion. This shift has been accelerated by the actions of superpowers, particularly the United States, under President Donald Trump, leading to disruptions in global supply systems and international relations. Consequently, middle powers and developing countries are increasingly forming alliances to reshape the global order, driven by declining trust in superpowers and international institutions like the UN. This movement is characterized by a push for multilateral foreign policy and coalition building, rather than unilateral decision-making. Middle powers, including Canada, India, Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, Italy, and many G20 members, are employing "niche diplomacy" to pursue limited foreign policy objectives. While not challenging the international system's status quo, they aim to restore multilateralism under new global terms. Canada, in particular, has been active in charting new paths, as highlighted by Canadian PM Mark Carney's speech at the World Economic Forum, emphasizing the capacity of intermediate powers to build a new order based on values like human rights and sustainable development. Canada is also diversifying its international partnerships, including strengthening ties with Ethiopia and other African nations, in response to US tariff policies and rhetoric. An event at Addis Ababa University, or
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This summary was AI-generated from a story originally published by The Reporter Ethiopia.
Must ReadOver 4,000 participants have gathered in Addis Ababa for the final conference of Ethiopia's National Dialogue, which began today at the Addis International Convention Center and will continue for several weeks. The conference will address eight main agendas established by the Dialogue Commission NDC after years of nationwide input. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed PhD indicated in his opening remarks that the resolutions could result in constitutional amendments. Mesfin Araya PhD, commissioner of the NDC, urged participants to let their dialogue be guided by wisdom, public interest, and a vision for future generations, emphasizing that their decisions will be crucial for Ethiopia's peace, democratization, and consensus.
Must ReadUS Ambassador to Ethiopia Ervin Massinga is in Mekelle for discussions with regional leaders and aid organizations. This visit occurs as the Tigray People’s Liberation Front TPLF stated the Pretoria Agreement, which concluded the two-year conflict in November 2022, is “effectively dead.” The TPLF also announced that Tigray’s self-reinstated political leaders would not attend the National Dialogue conference that began today in Addis Ababa. The US embassy indicated that Ambassador Massinga's visit aims to emphasize the critical need for open dialogue and the full implementation of the peace deal to avoid a return to conflict. The embassy statement highlighted that peace and stability enable communities to develop local capacity and move from emergency aid to long-term self-reliance. Last month, the US State Department imposed visa restrictions on hardline TPLF members and their immediate families due to increasing tensions in northern Ethiopia.
Must ReadThe National Bank of Ethiopia NBE plans to cease premium payments to gold suppliers by the end of 2026, according to a recent IMF document. This decision is part of a broader strategy to phase out direct involvement in the gold market, with a longer-term exit plan to be developed by December 2026. The NBE currently pays 5–15 percent above international prices for gold, which the IMF suggests contributes to the parallel market exchange rate. The IMF document also highlights that illicit gold trade fuels the parallel market, hindering efforts to unify official and parallel forex rates. Other factors contributing to persistent parallel market spreads include restrictions on forex access for current account transactions, high bank transaction costs, and the central bank’s forex commission. The IMF projects Ethiopia's strong export performance to continue into 2026/27, with coffee export revenues potentially reaching USD three billion despite a predicted 35 percent decline in international coffee prices since November 2025. The goods trade deficit is expected to narrow slightly to USD 12.6 billion, supported by high gold prices. However, the IMF warns that high fuel prices due to the US-Iran conflict and potential drops in international gold and coffee prices could strain reserves, complicating the goal of achieving 3.5 months of import coverage by the program's end in 2028. Current reserves cover an estimated 2.1 months of imports.