Kenyan politicians exploit impoverished youth for political violence

In Kenya, politicians are reportedly hiring unemployed and impoverished youth, known as "goons," to disrupt political rallies, incite riots, and attack opponents. This practice, which has intensified a year before elections, involves payments ranging from 500 Kenyan shillings 3.3 euros for local leaders to 1,000 shillings for members of parliament. Many of these young men, like Marius and Daniel, describe being drawn into this work due to a lack of other opportunities, despite the risks involved, including physical injury. They often receive alcohol and drugs before operations. The police are frequently accused of being passive or even complicit during these incidents. While the government denies using these groups, observers note that all political factions employ their services. The phenomenon is not new; former President Daniel arap Moi was accused of using a similar youth movement in the 1990s, and current President William Ruto was once associated with that group. The use of goons has reportedly increased since widespread anti-government protests in 2024 and 2025. Researchers and human rights organizations warn that this trend could undermine free and fair elections in 2027. Many goons express a desire for legitimate employment, but Kenya's job market offers limited opportunities for its large youth population. They view their involvement as a way to secure a share of the benefits within a corrupt political system.