Female genital mutilation: a debate on control, not protection

Proponents claim FGM protects women, limits sexual desire, ensures fidelity, and prevents "frivolity," often citing cultural or religious reasons. However, critics argue that these justifications mask a desire to control female sexuality. The World Health Organization WHO clearly states that FGM offers no health benefits and can lead to severe pain, hemorrhage, infections, urinary and menstrual problems, childbirth complications, and psychological and sexual consequences.

By 2026, an estimated 4.5 million girls are at risk of FGM, with over 230 million already living with its effects. The article highlights the inconsistency of presenting the removal or damage of a healthy body part to limit sexuality as "protection." The comparison to male circumcision is addressed, with the UNFPA emphasizing that FGM, unlike male circumcision, provides no health benefits.

The article also discusses the role of social norms, where FGM can be perpetuated by those who have suffered from it due to fear of rejection. It notes that while Burkina Faso has a law criminalizing FGM, Mali does not, leading to cross-border practices to circumvent legal protections. Religious arguments for FGM are also challenged, with the Supreme Council for Islamic Research of Al-Azhar issuing a fatwa in 2007 stating FGM has no bas