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Zimbabwe's Criminal Procedure and Evidence (Amendment) Bill, 2026: Proposed plea agreements explained

Zimbabwe's Criminal Procedure and Evidence Amendment Bill, 2026, aims to introduce a formal legal framework for plea agreements, a process currently lacking comprehensive statutory governance in the country. This proposed legislation seeks to streamline the criminal justice system by reducing case backlogs, enhancing efficiency, and promoting fairness. Plea agreements allow an accused person to plead guilty in exchange for concessions from the prosecution, such as reduced charges or the withdrawal of certain charges. The Bill outlines when these agreements can be made, the offenses they apply to, and the roles of prosecutors and courts, while also including safeguards for accused persons and considering victims' interests. Excluded offenses include murder, sexual offenses, and crimes against the State. The Bill mandates judicial oversight, requiring court acceptance for any plea agreement to become effective. Safeguards include ensuring the accused understands the agreement, is aware of their right to a full trial, and entered the agreement voluntarily. Prosecutors must also ensure sufficient evidence for conviction and, in serious cases, legal aid must be provided if the accused cannot afford representation. Victims or their representatives should be consulted where circumstances permit. If a court rejects an agreement, it becomes null and void, and statements made during negotiations cannot be used in a subsequent trial. An appeal is generally limited to the extent or legal