Uncertainty for 180,000 ZEP holders after South Africa's Home Affairs contradicts deputy minister on permanent residency

Approximately 180,000 Zimbabwe Exemption Permit ZEP holders face uncertainty after South Africa’s Department of Home Affairs contradicted its deputy minister, Njabulo Nzuza, regarding a pathway to permanent residency. Nzuza had stated in a televised interview that pursuing permanent residency was a “viable path” for Zimbabwean nationals. However, the Department of Home Affairs subsequently released an official statement clarifying that there has been “no change in policy” and that ZEP holders do not qualify for permanent residence permits, consistent with their permit conditions. The ZEP program, established in 2009 to regularize Zimbabweans fleeing economic instability, is set to expire on May 29, 2027, following an 18-month extension granted in October 2025. Advocate Simba Chitando, representing the Zimbabwe Exemption Permit Holders Association, highlighted the prolonged instability for his clients, noting that there is no written confirmation from Home Affairs regarding any policy change. The current legal framework is influenced by a 2023 Gauteng High Court ruling that found a former Home Affairs minister acted unconstitutionally by attempting to terminate the program without fair public consultation. This consultation process is ongoing, with a report expected by the end of the 2026-27 financial year. Further complicating the matter are ongoing legal challenges, including a Supreme Court of Appeal decision in March 2026 that allows the Zimbabwean Immigration Federation t