Nigeria records decline in Lassa fever cases but rising fatality rate, 170 deaths nationwide

However, the cumulative death toll has reached 170 nationwide, and the case fatality rate has climbed to 24.8%, significantly higher than the 18.8% recorded in 2025. The infections are spread across eight states, indicating continued geographic spread of the disease. Oyo State confirmed a Lassa fever death of a 44-year-old woman in Ibadan, with the state government activating its emergency response system and setting up an Incident Management System for contact tracing and monitoring.

Public health experts suggest the rising fatality rate may indicate late presentation, gaps in early detection, or limited access to timely treatment. In 2026, 22 states across 94 local government areas have reported at least one confirmed case, with 84% of cases originating from five states: Bauchi 27%, Ondo 22%, Taraba 18%, Edo 9%, and Benue 8%. Young adults aged 21 to 30 are the most affected demographic.

While suspected cases have declined, confirmed infections have increased, suggesting improved diagnostic capacity but sustained community transmission. One new healthcare worker infection was recorded in Week 14. The NCDC has activated a national multi-partner Incident Management System and, in collaboration with partners, intensified surveillance, case management, and public health interventions.

Key response measures include