Human H9N2 avian influenza case detected in Europe after stay in Senegal

The patient, who spent over six months in Senegal before traveling to Italy in mid-March, presented with respiratory symptoms including fever and a persistent cough. Initial medical examinations on March 16 revealed a co-infection of tuberculosis and an unidentified influenza virus. The patient was isolated and received antitubercular and antiviral treatment, with their condition reported as stable and improving by April 9.

On March 20, a laboratory confirmed avian influenza, and genetic analysis the following day identified the H9N2 virus. The WHO noted that this strain shows "strong genetic similarity with viruses previously detected in poultry in Senegal." This marks the first imported human case of H9N2 avian influenza reported in the European region, as per notifications from Italian authorities under the International Health Regulations.

The patient reported no direct exposure to animals, poultry, or rural environments, nor contact with individuals exhibiting similar symptoms. Epidemiological investigations are ongoing to determine the exact circumstances of contamination. The WHO emphasizes that the risk of human-to-human transmission remains low but advises preventive measures, such as wearing masks when handling poultry and increased vigilance for respiratory symptoms.