Health worker migration from Africa linked to colonial legacy

Africa faces a significant shortage of healthcare workers, with the World Health Organization projecting an 11 million global shortfall by 2030. Many African countries are below the recommended minimum workforce threshold, with only four nations meeting the standard of 4.45 doctors, nurses, and midwives per 1,000 people in 2022. In contrast, wealthier countries, including the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, and Australia, increasingly rely on internationally trained staff. This migration, often termed 'brain drain,' is typically attributed to 'push' factors like low pay and poor working conditions in home countries and 'pull' factors such as better salaries abroad. However, a South African health education researcher working in the United Kingdom argues that this explanation is incomplete. The researcher posits that healthcare worker migration is not random but consistently flows from poorer to richer countries, a pattern that aligns with colonial history. This perspective suggests that the movement of healthcare workers is a continuation of historical extraction, shaped by global systems of power, knowledge, and being established during colonialism. Wealthier countries often underinvest in their own workforce, then recruit from less resourced nations, leading to significant financial losses for sub-Saharan African countries. Global hierarchies of knowledge also treat medical education from Europe and North America as the gold standard, while qualifications from Africa